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The public health impact of cognitive decline and dementia is increasing as the population ages. Studies exploring therapies or risk factors for cognitive impairment require understanding of expected age‐related decline.

To establish the rate of age‐related cognitive decline in the general elderly population.

Systematic review of studies of cognitive decline in the general elderly population. Medline, Embase and PsycINFO databases were searched using an adapted version of McMaster's aetiology, causation and harm strategies and the Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Group strategy. Grey literature was explored and experts contacted. A second observer was involved at all stages and quality appraisal of included studies was performed. Included studies were representative, community‐based, cohort studies of people aged over 60, incorporating individuals with …