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1.1 Machine learning: what and why? 1 1.1. 1 Types of machine learning 2 1.2 Supervised learning 3 1.2. 1 Classification 3 1.2. 2 Regression 8 1.3 Unsupervised learning 9 1.3. 1 Discovering clusters 10 1.3. 2 Discovering latent factors 11 1.3. 3 Discovering graph structure 13 1.3. 4 Matrix completion 14 1.4 Some basic concepts in machine learning 16 1.4. 1 Parametric vs non-parametric models 16 1.4. 2 A simple non-parametric classifier: K-nearest neighbors 16 1.4. 3 The curse of dimensionality 18 1.4. 4 Parametric models for classification and regression 19 1.4. 5 Linear regression 19