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South Africa is a water scarce country with uneven distributions of rainfall both spatially and temporally. With the proposed pressures of climate change, it has been foreseen that within the coming decades, water availability may become a limiting factor for further development in South Africa. Regardless of the usable conversion rate of catchment runoff to riverine surface water flow, most of South Africa’s surface water resources are provided by rivers. Due to over exploitation, anthropogenic influences and mismanagement, all river systems within South Africa are impacted to some extent.