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A promising avenue to control energy-related costs in enterprise data centers is to investigate power-aware resource management strategies. Mechanisms to accurately capture energy consumption in data centers include source and machine code instruction analysis, kernel sensors, system call monitors and per-VM metering techniques. Though very accurate, these approaches are highly invasive, requiring modifications to software or hardware, and introduce an observer effect that can adversely impact performance. Perhaps most important, results obtained from these approaches require refinement before they can actually be used for management decisions that must strike a balance between costs, SLOs and SLAs. Using existing instrumentation at a rack's PDU provides sufficient granularity to determine the true energy consumption of servers in a non-intrusive way. We show that by leveraging existing …