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Few studies have evaluated the cardiovascular‐related effects of indoor biomass burning or the role of characteristics such as age and obesity status, in this relationship. We examined the impact of a cleaner‐burning cookstove intervention on blood pressure among Nicaraguan women using an open fire at baseline; we also evaluated heterogeneity of the impact by subgroups of the population. We evaluated changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure from baseline to post‐intervention (range: 273–383 days) among 74 female cooks. We measured indoor fine particulate matter (PM_2.5; N = 25), indoor carbon monoxide (CO; N = 32), and personal CO (N = 30) concentrations. Large mean reductions in pollutant concentrations were observed for all pollutants; for example, indoor PM_2.5 was reduced 77% following the intervention. However, pollution distributions (baseline and post‐intervention) were wide and …