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The term ‘Intelligent Interface Technology’(IIT) is intended to capture the wide range of issues and methods in which some form of ‘intelligence’is applied to both user interface design and implementation. Originally, these became known as adaptive user interfaces [1–4], but with the emergence of agent-based interaction [5, 6] and specific applications of intelligence to areas as diverse as intelligent hypermedia; recommender systems; intelligent filtering; explanation systems; intelligent help and computer tutoring, both issues and methods have expanded to encompass a greater flexibility in a definition of the applications of intelligent systems, and of ‘intelligence’itself. Whilst the application of artificial intelligence or knowledge-based techniques to say, scheduling or optimising production flows, and potential application of agent technology to, for example, automatic routing of telephone calls [6] would be seen to fall …