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This paper documents immiscibility among vapor, highly saline liquid, and silicate melt during the crystallization of peralkaline rhyolites from Pantelleia, Italy, prior to their eruption. Experiments conducted in a muffle furnace and with a high-temperature heating stage revealed three major types of silicate melt inclusions trapped in quartz phenocrysts. After entrapment in the host phenocryst, type I inclusions contained silicate melt. Type II inclusions contained silicate melt + hydrosaline melt (~60–80 wt% NaCl equivalent), and type III inclusions contained silicate melt + H₂O-CO₂ vapor. Two inclusions contained all three immiscible fluids: vapor, hydrosaline melt, and silicate melt. Fluid inclusions within outgassed matrix glass, viewed at room temperature, are interpreted as the crystallized equivalents of the hydrosaline melts within type II inclusions. These inclusions, 2–10 μm in size, consist ofa bubble typically …