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The holographic conceptual approach to cognitive processes in the human brain suggests that, in some parts of the brain, each part of the memory (a neuron or a group of neurons) contains some information regarding the entire data.

In Dolev and Frenkel (2010, 2012) we demonstrated how to encode data in a holographic manner using the Walsh–Hadamard transform. The encoding is performed on randomized information, that is then represented by a set of Walsh–Hadamard coefficients. These coefficients turn out to have holographic properties. Namely, any portion of the set of coefficients defines a “blurry image” of the original data.

In this work, we describe a built-in error correction technique—enlarging the width of the matrix used in the Walsh–Hadamard transform to produce a rectangular Hadamard matrix. By adding this redundancy, the data can bear more errors, resulting in a system that is not affected by …