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Parthenium hysterophorus is a weed in the USA, Australia and India and has been shown to be a health hazard to man and livestock, causing contact dermatitis and eczema. A survey was conducted in Tamil Nadu from October 1975 to October 1976 on the natural enemies of the weed. Larvae and adults of the stem-boring scolytid Hypothenemus eruditus (Westw.) caused widespread wilting of the weed, leading to good natural control; however, this beetle is known to attack several crops in different parts of the world. A cerambycid borer, Oberea sp., was also found to kill the plant. The other natural enemies found including Parasaissetia nigra (Nietn.) (Saissetia nigra), S. coffeae (Wlk.), Coccus longulus (Dgl.), Ceroplastes sp., Ferrisia virgata (Ckll.) (Ferrisiana virgata), Nipaecoccus viridis (Newst.) (Pseudococcus corymbatus Green), Icerya seychellarum (Westw.), Aphis gossypii Glov., Oxyrhachis tarandus (F …