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This paper investigates the optimal caching policy and cooperation distance design from both throughput and energy efficiency (EE) perspectives in base station (BS)-assisted wireless device-to-device (D2D) caching networks. By jointly considering the effects of the BS transmission, D2D-caching, and self-caching, and the impact of the cooperation distance, a clustering approach is proposed with specifically designed power control and resource reuse policies. The throughput and EE of two network structures are comprehensively analyzed and designs aiming to optimize the throughout and EE, respectively, are proposed. We also characterize the trade-off between the throughput and EE and provide corresponding designs. Simulations considering practical parameters are conducted to verify the analyses and evaluate the proposed designs; they demonstrate superior performance compared with state-of-the art.