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ContextEmerging epidemiological evidence suggests that higher coffee consumption may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes.ObjectiveTo examine the association between habitual coffee consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes and related outcomes.Data Sources and Study SelectionWe searched MEDLINE through January 2005 and examined the reference lists of the retrieved articles. Because this review focuses on studies of habitual coffee consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes, we excluded studies of type 1 diabetes, animal studies, and studies of short-term exposure to coffee or caffeine, leaving 15 epidemiological studies (cohort or cross-sectional).Data ExtractionInformation on study design, participant characteristics, measurement of coffee consumption and outcomes, adjustment for potential confounders, and estimates of associations was abstracted independently by 2 investigators.Data SynthesisWe …