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Neurofeedback is a kind of biofeedback, which teaches self-control of brain functions to subjects by measuring brain waves and providing a feedback signal. Neurofeedback usually provides the audio and or video feedback. Positive or negative feedback is produced for desirable or undesirable brain activities, respectively. In this review, we provided clinical and technical information about the following issues:(1) Various neurofeedback treatment protocols ie alpha, beta, alpha/theta, delta, gamma, and theta;(2) Different EEG electrode placements ie standard recording channels in the frontal, temporal, central, and occipital lobes;(3) Electrode montages (unipolar, bipolar);(4) Types of neurofeedback ie frequency, power, slow cortical potential, functional magnetic resonance imaging, and so on;(5) Clinical applications of neurofeedback ie treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety, depression, epilepsy …