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Studies on the crustose brown algae are relatively few despite a long history of studies conducted since the 1800s, with temperate species forming the bulk of these studies. There is a need for more focus on crustose brown algae particularly in the tropics as they are generally different from those in the temperate regions. Taxonomic confusion arising from morphological simplicity largely dependent on the reproductive structures and overlap in morpho-anatomical features among species necessitates the use of molecular techniques. This study is dedicated to a better understanding of the diversity of these understudied algae in the Indo–Malay region. Specimens collected from Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah (Borneo) and Lombok Island in Indonesia were identified using molecular markers from the plastid rubisco large subunit (rbcL) and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) genes in tandem …