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Global warming is a critical issue and has great impact on all living organisms, including algae. Generally, algae play significant roles in aquatic ecosystems and employ diverse strategies to survive under abiotic stress. For example, heat stress affects membrane fluidity, and algae, in response, can modify their membrane fatty acid composition to maintain homoeostasis. Moreover, they protect their proteins and enzymes using molecular chaperones or degrade denatured proteins in processes involving ubiquitin. In addition, algae regulate their carbohydrate concentrations and structures to utilise the energy of endogenous carbon sources efficiently and protect other molecules via accumulation of compatible solutes. Algae regulate the photosynthetic machinery to acclimatise to stress conditions. In fact, algae have a range of acclimation and repair strategies; and in the case where these strategies fail …