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Lifelong learning depends on developments. However, not only on the development of single learners but also on the change and development of an educational system. The requirements are always specific in a special period of time. For this reason an educational system and so the German one as well, has to be changed and enhanced to cope with new challenges and necessities. Progress is the motor for changes and innovative education. Hence, this paper provides an overview concerning the historical development of education and educational policy in Germany since the end of the Second World War. During this time, there were many changes and new ideas to enhance the educational system. Therefore, the article offers insight into the general principles of German education and follow the changes according to the timeline of the developments. The focus is always on one or two specific decades to provide a guideline through the developments. The text offers insights into main steps of development and provides a basis for national and international discussions about educational progress and challenges.