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Conventional governance, policy-making, planning and project management approaches aim to optimize existing processes starting from pre-defined problems and solutions. After a problem or solution is identified a monitoring and evaluation process is designed by selecting suitable evaluation methods. For example, by selecting indicators to measure the effectiveness of the project (s) after implementation. This is done by experts and requires a low level of participation of other actors. Implementing large-scale nature-based solutions is a complex process that includes innovative processes that are hard to oversee and plan on beforehand. Therefore, time for reflection is needed to create room for collaborative learning, experimentation and adaptations during the planning, delivery and stewardship phase of the nature-based solution.