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The authors conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis of placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials in the post–Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidance era to formally compare the effects of 3 new classes of glucose-lowering drugs on hospitalization for heart failure (HF) in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The 2008 FDA Guidance for Industry launched an era of cardiovascular outcome trials for new glucose-lowering drugs in T2DM, including glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 agonists, dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4 inhibitors, and sodium glucose co-transporter (SGLT)-2 inhibitors.

We searched Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrials.gov between December 1, 2008, and November 24, 2017, for randomized placebo-controlled trials, and performed network meta-analyses by Bayesian approach using Markov-chain Monte Carlo simulation method to compare …