Authors
Jean Wactawski-Wende, Jane Morley Kotchen, Garnet L Anderson, Annlouise R Assaf, Robert L Brunner, Mary Jo O'sullivan, Karen L Margolis, Judith K Ockene, Lawrence Phillips, Linda Pottern, Ross L Prentice, John Robbins, Thomas E Rohan, Gloria E Sarto, Santosh Sharma, Marcia L Stefanick, Linda Van Horn, Robert B Wallace, Evelyn Whitlock, Tamsen Bassford, Shirley AA Beresford, Henry R Black, Denise E Bonds, Robert G Brzyski, Bette Caan, Rowan T Chlebowski, Barbara Cochrane, Cedric Garland, Margery Gass, Jennifer Hays, Gerardo Heiss, Susan L Hendrix, Barbara V Howard, Judith Hsia, F Allan Hubbell, Rebecca D Jackson, Karen C Johnson, Howard Judd, Charles L Kooperberg, Lewis H Kuller, Andrea Z LaCroix, Dorothy S Lane, Robert D Langer, Norman L Lasser, Cora E Lewis, Marian C Limacher, JoAnn E Manson
Publication date
2006/2/16
Journal
New England Journal of Medicine
Volume
354
Issue
7
Pages
684-696
Publisher
Massachusetts Medical Society
Description
Background
Higher intake of calcium and vitamin D has been associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer in epidemiologic studies and polyp recurrence in polyp-prevention trials. However, randomized-trial evidence that calcium with vitamin D supplementation is beneficial in the primary prevention of colorectal cancer is lacking.
Methods
We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 36,282 postmenopausal women from 40 Women's Health Initiative centers: 18,176 women received 500 mg of elemental calcium as calcium carbonate with 200 IU of vitamin D3 twice daily (1000 mg of elemental calcium and 400 IU of vitamin D3) and 18,106 received a matching placebo for an average of 7.0 years. The incidence of pathologically confirmed colorectal cancer was the designated secondary outcome. Baseline levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D were assessed in a nested case …
Total citations
Scholar articles
J Wactawski-Wende, JM Kotchen, GL Anderson… - New England Journal of Medicine, 2006