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Ecosystem restoration has gained increasing interest to mitigate the effects of climate change, loss of biodiversity and desertification. Since the genetic composition of the reproductive material to revegetate degraded areas affects the success of restoration throughout time, information on the genetic properties of possible seed sources is essential to evaluate the risks associated to management practices. Prosopis flexuosa (Leguminosae) is an important native species in Argentina valuable from an economic and ecological point of view. Aiming to give restoration recommendations for the use of this species for rapid recuperation of the plant cover in arid regions of Monte desert, our goals were to quantify the genetic basis of phenotypic differences in height and basal diameter and the genetic differentiation of neutral markers among several provenances installed in a provenance and progeny test. Ours results …