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To better understand the evolutionary history of the genus Artemisia (Anthemideae, Asteraceae) and its relationships to other genera of the subtribes Artemisiinae, Leucantheminae and Tanacetinae, 63 sequences of the external and 10 of the internal transcribed spacer of nuclear ribosomal DNA (ETS and ITS) were newly generated. Analyses were performed on the combined dataset using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. The combined analysis supports that all Artemisiinae genera included plus Hippolytia (subtribe Tanacetinae) and Nipponanthemum (subtribe Leucantheminae) constitute a monophyletic group. Within this group, a successive branching shows three monophyletic groups: (1) Nipponanthemum/Hippolytia/Brachanthemum; (2) the Dendranthema group; and (3) the Artemisia/Kaschgaria group. Within the latter, a new sister‐group relationship is found between the …