Authors
Takehiro Takahashi, Mallory K Ellingson, Patrick Wong, Benjamin Israelow, Carolina Lucas, Jon Klein, Julio Silva, Tianyang Mao, Ji Eun Oh, Maria Tokuyama, Peiwen Lu, Arvind Venkataraman, Annsea Park, Feimei Liu, Amit Meir, Jonathan Sun, Eric Y Wang, Arnau Casanovas-Massana, Anne L Wyllie, Chantal BF Vogels, Rebecca Earnest, Sarah Lapidus, Isabel M Ott, Adam J Moore, Albert Shaw, John B Fournier, Camila D Odio, Shelli Farhadian, Charles Dela Cruz, Nathan D Grubaugh, Wade L Schulz, Aaron M Ring, Albert I Ko, Saad B Omer, Akiko Iwasaki
Publication date
2020/12/10
Journal
Nature
Volume
588
Issue
7837
Pages
315-320
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK
Description
There is increasing evidence that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) produces more severe symptoms and higher mortality among men than among women, , , –. However, whether immune responses against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) differ between sexes, and whether such differences correlate with the sex difference in the disease course of COVID-19, is currently unknown. Here we examined sex differences in viral loads, SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody titres, plasma cytokines and blood-cell phenotyping in patients with moderate COVID-19 who had not received immunomodulatory medications. Male patients had higher plasma levels of innate immune cytokines such as IL-8 and IL-18 along with more robust induction of non-classical monocytes. By contrast, female patients had more robust T cell activation than male patients during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Notably, we …
Scholar articles
T Takahashi, MK Ellingson, P Wong, B Israelow… - Nature, 2020
T Takahashi, P Wong, MK Ellingson, C Lucas, J Klein… - medRxiv, 2020