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This paper presents a large-scale project aiming at the implementation of the once-only principle in Europe. The project aims to explore and demonstrate the once-only principle in practice through multiple sustainable pilots. For this purpose, a federated architecture will be developed on a cross-border European scale to connect sixty information systems across all involved countries. Drivers and barriers, such as data protection and data-sharing requirements, implementation costs, public sector silo issues, legal barriers and/or gaps, will be identified along with the relevant benefits and impacts, both tangible and intangible. It is expected that the foreseen generic approach will result in significant reduction in the cost of future once-only based e-services globally.