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Women who have sex with women (WSW) have been underrepresented in studies on sexual function. Consequently, much of what is known of female sexual function may not be representative of, or generalizable to, the experiences of WSW. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive and critical review of the literature on the sexual function of WSW, followed by an integration of the literature in a conceptual model to guide and stimulate research. Twenty-six articles are reviewed and 15 factors are identified as contributing to sexual functioning in WSW and are subsequently included in the conceptual model. Of these, it is suggested that eight factors may contribute directly to sexual function. These include: age, income, religion, cultural recognition, relationship duration, sexual satisfaction, psychological well-being, and relationship satisfaction. The literature suggests the remaining seven factors may …