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Using full population longitudinal data from merged administrative registers for Denmark, we document that medical spending is highly concentrated in the population and is persistent through time at the individual level. In addition, we provide overviews of institutional details of the Danish health care system, aggregate trends in health care expenditures and the relevant register data. Nearly two‐thirds of expenditures are on hospitals and one‐fifth on long‐term care, with the remainder roughly equally split between primary care and prescription drugs. Health expenditures are higher for men than for women from ages 61 to 78, and otherwise higher for women. Between ages 50 and 80, hospital expenditures more than triple for men while more than doubling for women, and total health expenditures quadruple for men while tripling for women. The top 1 per cent of all spenders account for nearly one‐quarter of total …