Authors
Avinesh R. Byreddy, Munish Puri
Publication date
2016/12/9
Book
Marine Microorganisms: Extraction and Analysis of Bioactive Compounds
Publisher
CRCPress Boca Raton, Florida, USA (Taylor and Francis Group)
Description
Biodiesel is emerging as an alternative fuel for diesel engines, which refers to long-chain alkyl fatty acid esters. The increase in petroleum prices and the environmental benets have resulted in an increased production of biodiesel. Biodiesel occupies 10% of total biofuel production, and the production is about 6 billion L/year globally (Nogueira, 2011). The basic requirements for biodiesel production are feedstock (oil), an alcohol, and a catalyst (e.g., base, acid, or an enzyme). The reaction of biodiesel production occurs in the following steps: production of free fatty acids from triacylglycerols (TAGs) and transesterication of free fatty acids to methanol. This results in the formation of new chemical compounds called methyl esters. The important process variables during the production of biodiesel are reaction temperature, ratio of alcohol to vegetable oil, amount of catalyst, mixing intensity (RPM), raw oils used, and …
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