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The purpose of this paper is to examine and gain further insight into the potential link between regulatory focus and exploration–exploitation at the individual manager level. More specifically, the authors hypothesised that temporal focus would act as a mediator in the relationship between managers’ regulatory foci and exploration–exploitation activities.

A survey was conducted with 541 managers from the USA. The model was tested using OLS regression models, followed by bootstrapped multiple-mediation analyses.

Managers’ promotion and prevention foci are associated with the extent to which they focus on the past, the present and the future, which is related to managers’ exploration and exploitation activities.

The findings rely on self-report data.

This paper examines the chronic strategic tendencies of …