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Industrial agriculture inputs can diminish soil microbial biodiversity. The use of organic soil amendments may foster beneficial microorganisms. Organic production systems have increased in recent years, but we know little about the effect of these production practices on soil culturable microbial diversity compared to inorganic fertilization. Therefore, the objective of our research was to evaluate the effect of two levels (high and low) of three organic amendments (poultry manure, vermicompost and cattle manure) versus inorganic fertilization (IF) on soil culturable microorganism diversity and selected soil properties after six years under a gardenpea (Pisum sativum var. hortense L.)-french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) system in a sub-temperate soil of the mid-Himalayas. There was at least 31% greater population of beneficial microorganisms with application of high level (6 Mg ha⁻¹) of poultry manure (PM₆) than IF in …