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PERSPECTIVES wavelength replace the atoms and molecules of a conventional material, scientists can circumvent this limitation. Metamaterials can be designed to exhibit both electric and magnetic resonances that can be separately tuned to occur in spectra from the low radiofrequency to the visible. Since the first demonstration (6) of an artificial NIM in 2000, metamaterials have exhibited a broad range of properties and potential applications: nearly zero reflectance; nanometer-scale light sources and focusing; miniaturization of devices, such as antennas and waveguides; and novel devices for medical imaging, especially magnetic resonance imaging. For example, metamaterials may lead to the development of a flat superlens (7) that operates in the visible spectrum, which would offer superior resolution over conventional technology and provide image resolutions much smaller than one wavelength of light …