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Castration is frequently used to reduce aggressive behavior and improve the meat quality of animals. Traditionally, surgical and mechanical castration are used to sterilize the animals, but these approaches are associated with a high level of pain, stress, long recovery periods, and post-operative infections. Immunocastration is a new animal-friendly, painless alternative castration technique that is used to prevent undesired sexual behavior, reduce aggressive behavior, prevent unwanted pregnancy, control wildlife populations and wandering species, enhance growth performance, improve meat quality, and treat various sex hormone–dependent disorders. The mechanism of immunocastration includes the immunological block of the hypothalamic-pituitary–gonadal axis (HPG axis) which inhibits gonadotropin secretions, causes atrophy of gonadal tissues, and inhibits gametogenesis, resulting in infertility in both …