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Microbacterium strain AI-S262^T was isolated from the rhizoplane of neem seedlings in the Botanical garden of Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India, and subjected to phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genetic characterization. Cells of this strain were Gram-stain-positive, motile, non-spore-forming, short rods and formed light-yellow-pigmented colonies on nutrient agar. Strain AI-S262^T contained MK-12 and MK-13 as the main respiratory quinones, anteiso-C_15 : 0, anteiso-C_17 : 0 and iso-C_16 : 0 as the predominant fatty acids, peptidoglycan-type B2β with glycolyl residues, and had a DNA G+C content of 69.5 mol%. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed 98.0–98.6 % pair-wise similarity with respect to close relatives in the genus Microbacterium. DNA–DNA hybridization experiments revealed a low level of DNA–DNA relatedness (less than 39%) between …