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Two events have had more impact on the Canadian mission in Afghanistan than any other: the death of Canadian diplomat Glynn Berry on 15 January 2006, and the production of the Manley Report in the winter of 2007–2008. The former dramatically restricted the civilian effort in Kandahar while the latter reenergised the less kinetic parts of the counter-insurgency campaign–governance and development. These events are a reflection of the larger forces shaping the what and the how of Canada’s effort in Afghanistan. Specifically, the deployment to one of the most dangerous provinces in Afghanistan with a very limited number of troops and other assets made it very difficult to accomplish any of three parts of the effort–security, governance or development–not to mention complicating the effort to integrate them. The ploy to get an extension of the mandate from 2009 to 2011 via the Manley Panel provided the …