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The crime control model of police organization and functions devotes most of the resources of police agencies to crime prevention and criminal apprehension; however, neither the aggregate expenditure for police personnel nor the per capita ratio of police to citizenry has been shown to be related to crime levels. Moreover, the documented activities of the patrol workforce appear to be only partially related to crimefighting. The strategies of rapid police response time and case investigation have also not proven to be effective in deterring or increasing apprehension of offenders, and the centralized paramilitary organization of the police which symbolizes the war on crime is not reflective of the actual functions and discretion that compose the real world of policing. The collective goods model of policing views the police department as a multipurpose public bureaucracy responsible for numerous functions, some of …