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Invasive diseases due to Moraxella catarrhalis are rare in children, even in immunocompromised hosts. Therefore, data regarding clinical characteristics and risk factors of such patients are limited. The aim of this study is to compare the clinical characteristics of patients with bacteremia due to Moraxella catarrhalis against those with bacteremia due to Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.

We performed a retrospective case–control study to compare patients younger than 18 years of age with positive blood cultures for the three pathogens between June 2008 and May 2014 at our institution. Data regarding patients’ demographics and clinical course were collected from their medical records. Three group comparisons, with M. catarrhalis as reference, were made by the Fisher’s exact test and Wilcoxon rank sum test …