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Transnational Entrepreneurship (TE) is an increasingly important phenomenon, symptomatic for a globalised world with a large extent of migrants and interchanges between their countries of origin and residence. Our article deploys a unique data set which compares TE for two different national contexts and institutional settings: Chile and Germany. Using data from 2016 and 2017 Adult Populations Surveys (APS) of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), we relate the probability of being an opportunity-driven entrepreneur with the condition of being a transnational entrepreneur. Our findings suggest that varying institutional settings attract or form different types of TE. While Chile seems to attract mainly opportunity-driven TE, TE in Germany reveals strong evidence of necessity-driven TE. In addition, we explore different traits on the probability of being involved in TE based on the presumption that transnational …