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The shift from conventional cars to Electric Vehicles (EVs) may significantly improve air quality and consequently public health, especially if electricity is powered by renewable energy. This paper describes a System Dynamics model to estimate the environmental health impacts of alternative market scenarios for EVs diffusion in Piedmont (Italy). The scenarios account for: (a) different market shares of Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs), and (b) different trends of EVs uptake, in accordance with official electric mobility studies. The causal relationships among the variables of this complex system generate a positive feedback loop, involving: (1) EVs uptake, (2) pollutants concentration, (3) hospital admissions, and (4) public health savings. The simulation model results in an ex-ante impact evaluation tool, which is able to perform what-if analyses of different electric mobility …