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This paper presents the application of optimization metaheuristics in direct torque control with space vector modulation (DTC-SVM) of a three-phase induction motor. Two metaheuristic algorithms are considered: Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) and Differential Evolution (DE). These techniques are considered in order to achieve an optimized tuning of proportional-integral (PI) controllers in the DTC-SVM control loops, such as rotor speed, electromagnetic torque, stator flux linkage and estimation of the linkage stator flux. Hence, the paper aims to contribute to adjusting the PI controllers of DTC-SVM. All the optimization procedure is performed via computer simulation. Once the optimized gains are obtained, they are applied to the practical system developed herein. Simulation and experimental results are presented in order to validate the approach proposed.