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FLOW over solid bodies is retarded near the surface, due to viscous effects that give rise to a boundary layer. Often, the nearwall fluid must also negotiate an adverse pressure gradient and/or geometric aberration. Flow separation occurs when the momentum in the boundary layer is insufficient to overcome these impediments. This is marked by a thickening of the rotational region of fluid near the surface and an increase in the wall normal velocity component. Boundary-layer separation is synonymous with substantial energy losses and minimizing its occurrence is one of the primary design objectives for aerodynamic and hydrodynamic systems. A common platform for investigating separation control is the airfoil at high angles of attack. This system produces maximum lift near the angle at which separation occurs from the leading edge. Slight excursions to higher angles can result in unrecoverable stall. Transport …