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Chagas' disease is transmitted to man either by the bite of insects harboring Trypanosoma cruzi or by the transfusion of blood from infected donors. The conventional serologic testing as presently used in blood banks in South America is unsatisfactory, because of a high number of inconclusive and false‐positive results. Other methods such as polymerase chain reaction and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with recombinant antigens have been proposed, but inherent difficulties have so far precluded their adoption in the large‐scale screening required by blood banks. A highly sensitive and specific chemiluminescent ELISA using a purified trypomastigote glycoconjugate antigen and a complex epimastigote antigen was devised for the diagnosis of active T. cruzi infection. Chemiluminescent ELISA was 100‐percent sensitive in the diagnosis …