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Background: Most military mental health research focuses on the impact of deployment-related stress; less is known about how everyday work-related factors affect wellbeing.

Aims: This systematic narrative literature review aimed to identify non-deployment-related factors contributing to the wellbeing of military personnel.

Method: Electronic literature databases were searched and the findings of relevant studies were used to explore non-deployment-related risk and resilience factors.

Results: Fifty publications met the inclusion criteria. Determinants of non-deployment stress were identified as: relationships with others (including leadership/supervisory support; social support/cohesion; harassment/discrimination) and role-related stressors (role conflict; commitment and effort-reward imbalance; work overload/job demands; family-related issues/work-life balance; and other factors including control/autonomy, physical …