Authors
Xiaodan Gu, Hongping Yan, Tadanori Kurosawa, Bob C Schroeder, Kevin L Gu, Yan Zhou, John WF To, Stefan D Oosterhout, Victoria Savikhin, Francisco Molina‐Lopez, Christopher J Tassone, Stefan CB Mannsfeld, Cheng Wang, Michael F Toney, Zhenan Bao
Publication date
2016/11
Journal
Advanced Energy Materials
Volume
6
Issue
22
Pages
1601225
Description
In this work, the detailed morphology studies of polymer poly(3‐hexylthiophene‐2,5‐diyl) (P3HT):fullerene(PCBM) and polymer(P3HT):polymer naphthalene diimide thiophene (PNDIT) solar cell are presented to understand the challenge for getting high performance all‐polymer solar cells. The in situ X‐ray scattering and optical interferometry and ex situ hard and soft X‐ray scattering and imaging techniques are used to characterize the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) ink during drying and in dried state. The crystallization of P3HT polymers in P3HT:PCBM bulk heterojunction shows very different behavior compared to that of P3HT:PNDIT BHJ due to different mobilities of P3HT in the donor:acceptor glass. Supplemented by the ex situ grazing incidence X‐ray diffraction and soft X‐ray scattering, PNDIT has a lower tendency to form a mixed phase with P3HT than PCBM, which may be the key to inhibit the donor polymer …
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