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Titanium alloys have been used with some success in several bioimplant applications. However, they can suffer certain disadvantages, such as poor osteoinductive properties and low corrosive-wear resistance. Attempts to overcome the first of these drawbacks have involved coating the metal with the bioceramic material hydroxyapatite (HA), a primary component of bone and a very good osteoinductor. Since TiO₂ coatings are also known to be effective as chemical barriers against the in-vivo release of metal ions from the implants, a double layer HA–TiO₂ coating on titanium alloys with HA as the top layer and a dense TiO₂ film as the inner layer should possess a very good combination of bioactivity, chemical stability and mechanical integrity. This paper describes efforts to improve implant biocompatibility and durability by applying a hybrid treatment of micro-arc discharge oxidation (MDO) and electrophoretic …