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Analytical aspects of structural identification are discussed considering different types of models, different model calibration spaces, and different types and amounts of experimental information. Three-dimensional finite element models and 2D grid models of an operating highway bridge are developed. The models were calibrated by taking advantage of an extensive database of experimental information accumulated from the bridge. Different types of models of varying sizes permit comparison of automated optimized calibration and manual calibration approaches. The experimental data collected characterizes both the local and global behavior of the structure. Modal data acquired with high temporal and spatial resolutions, and instrumented monitoring data describing local and global responses from static and moving truck-load configurations were used to investigate the requisite quantity, quality, and attributes of …