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Applications of aluminum sulfate (Al₂(SO₄)₃ · 14H₂O), commonly referred to as alum, to poultry litter have been shown to decrease P runoff from lands fertilized with litter and to inhibit NH₃ volatilization. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of alum applications in commercial broiler houses on: (i) NH₃ volatilization (inhouse), (ii) poultry production, (iii) litter chemistry, (iv) P runoff following litter application. Two farms were used for this study: one had six poultry houses and the other had four. The litter in half of the houses at each farm was treated with alum; the other houses were controls. Alum was applied at a rate of 1816 kg/house, which corresponded to 0.091 kg/bird. Each year the houses were cleaned in the spring and the litter was broadcast onto paired watersheds in tall fescue at each farm. Results from this study showed that alum applications lowered the litter pH, particularly during the first …