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Enhanced by global warming as well as by intense human mobility and trading of agricultural goods, pest invasions have profound effects on national and regional economies, entire ecosystems, agricultural cropping patterns, sustainable production of agricultural goods, pesticide use, and conservation. Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) comprise a major group of pests including several invasive species, such as the Mediterranean fruit fly and the oriental fruit fly, that threaten sustainable fruit and vegetable production worldwide. The current paper covers several aspects of fruit fly invasion biology, including (a) historical perspectives for major genera and species of fruit flies, (b) the enormous impact on the economies at state, national and regional levels, (c) effects of global warming on invasion dynamics and range expansion, (d) detection and monitoring of invasion events, and (e) methods and strategies to …