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The Late Miocene tectonics of the Zagros folded belt (Fars province) has for long been related solely to folding of the cover controlled by a ductile décollement between basement and the sedimentary cover. However, geological constraints, topography analysis and seismotectonic studies reveal that basement thrusting may produce locally significant deformation in the cover. To determine how the deep-seated deformation in the basement may contribute to the overall topography we first examine the filtered large and short wavelengths of the topography. We find that the short-wavelength component of the topography (20–25 km), including the Zagros folds, is superimposed on the differential uplift at the regional scale. In other words, the regional base level of folded marker horizons remains parallel to the regional topography of interest. Modelling reveals that the salt-based wedge model, alone, is not able to …