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The aim of this study was to define the long-term psychiatric outcomes of adolescent internalizing disorder in the general population, using data collected over 40 years from a national birth cohort. A total of 3,279 members of the Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development (the 1946 British birth cohort) underwent assessments of psychiatric symptoms, primarily anxiety and depression, at ages 13 and 15. Adolescents who had internalizing disorder at both ages 13 and 15 and those who had internalizing disorder at one of the two ages were compared with mentally healthy adolescents on various psychiatric outcomes in adulthood (ages 26–53), including the prevalence of mental disorders, self-reported trouble with “nerves,” suicidal ideation, and treatment for psychiatric disorders. About 70% of adolescents who had internalizing …