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Canada’s peatlands hold more than half of the organic carbon stocks stored in all Canadian soils. Over 90% of these peatlands are in the boreal and subarctic regions that are undergoing accelerated climate warming. Climate models project that the rate of warming will continue through the 21 st century, with the greatest warming occurring during the non-growing season (NGS). Given that NGS carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions are mainly driven by microbial respiration, warming, even at sub-zero temperatures, is expected to increase the CO 2 emissions during the NGS. Therefore, understanding the factors that regulate CO 2 emissions during the NGS is critical for predicting the fate of the climate-sensitive peat organic carbon stocks. In this presentation, we examine the role of environmental variables in NGS CO 2 emissions at a Canadian peatland research site to infer how these emissions may evolve under …