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This paper is concerned with investigating the performance of regular and irregular, randomlike and structured generalized low-density parity-check (GLDPC) codes for long-haul transmission. The proposed GLDPC codes outperform currently known turbo and low-density parity-check (LDPC) coding schemes with comparable parameters utilized in optical communication systems. For a GLDPC coding scheme with 23.6% redundancy, the largest so far reported coding gain of at least 11dB (at 40 Gb/s) is demonstrated.