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Emerald ash borer (EAB), a non-native invasive tree-boring beetle, is the primary agent behind the widespread mortality of ash trees (Fraxinus spp.) in both natural forests and urban areas of North America. While a variety of insecticide options have been adopted for protection against EAB attacks, little has been reported on the success of insecticide treatments on EAB-infested trees. This is particularly important because EAB is difficult to detect in early stages of its infestation and protective treatment may be undertaken on trees already in decline. Here, we investigated the effectiveness over a four-year period of biennial emamectin benzoate injections in trees exhibiting different initial EAB infestation levels (estimated using visual ash canopy condition metrics) in an ash forest in central Ohio. Results indicate that emamectin benzoate treated trees exhibited less canopy decline relative to non-treated control trees …