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The transition to renewable energy systems (RES) has profound impacts on energy relations between and within countries. The past decades have seen a surge in research addressing these relations from (geo) political, economic, social, and ethical perspectives. This has led to work in a number of disciplinary and scholarly niches addressing similar problems through complementary lenses. This chapter unpacks how two of such growing fields–the Geopolitics of Renewables (GPRES) and Energy Justice (EJ)–have investigated the consequences of RES. The GPRES addresses the influence of geographical and technical aspects of renewables on business models, energy markets, trade patterns, and welfare, and asks how these might affect interstate energy relations (Goldthau et al., 2019; Overland, 2019; Scholten, 2018). EJ is concerned with the equitable distribution of benefits and harms stemming from the …